[251] During a CBI Scotland event attended by Cameron, businessman Mike Rake criticised him for creating uncertainty about EU membership. [23], In January 2012, the UK government offered to legislate to provide the Scottish Parliament with the powers to hold a referendum, providing it was "fair, legal and decisive". [174], Yes Scotland said that a currency union would benefit both Scotland and the rest of the UK, as Scotland's exports would boost the balance of payments, and consequently strengthen the exchange rate of sterling. [394] Alastair Campbell said that the "organised protests" amounted to media censorship "not far off" Vladimir Putin's Russia, telling Twitter users they should "Vote YES for intimidation". [140] Two days before the referendum, the three main UK party leaders publicly pledged to introduce "extensive new powers" by the timetable suggested and that the Barnett formula of public funding would be continued. [389][390][391][392] In March 2014, BBC Scotland chiefs appeared before a Scottish Parliament committee to face questions from MSPs about the broadcaster's coverage. In 2012 they established the cross-party Better Together campaign. Should Scotland be an independent country? In the wake of the referendum, the supporters of the bill conducted a protest campaign under the slogan "Scotland said yes". [116] It has encouraged anti-SNP tactical voting in elections and promoted the Union more generally. ", "16-year-olds likely to get the vote on Union split", "Scottish independence: Bill to lower voting age lodged", "Scottish independence: Referendum voting age bill approved by MSPs", "Scottish independence: SNP dismisses ex-pat voting call", "Scottish independence referendum: Publish legal advice or be damned, SNP warned over referendum", "Scottish independence: Referendum vote 'needs approval, "2013 No. [474] By 2 October 2014, SNP membership had tripled from 25,000 to 75,000 people, overtaking the Liberal Democrats as the third-largest political party in the UK. [475] These people had not necessarily become full members of the Conservative Party because they were not focused on increasing the number of "card-carrying" members. [410], The gap narrowed after the release of the Scottish government white paper on independence: an average of five polls in December 2013 and January 2014 gave 39% yes and 61% no, once 'don't knows' had been excluded. [22] In the election, the SNP won an overall majority. The general election resulted in a hung parliament, so Prime Minister Harold Wilson called a second election for October 1974, when the SNP performed even better than in February, winning 11 seats and obtaining over 30% of the total vote in Scotland. [206][207] Two of the main unionist parties in Scotland called on the SNP to publish their own estimate of the setup costs of an independent state,[205] but the Scottish government said that an estimate was not possible as the final bill would depend on negotiations with the rest of the UK. ", "Yes Side Maintains Advantage in The Online Campaign Battle", "✘ on September 18th #voteYes [with captions]", "Scottish Independence: #YesBecause hashtag shows 'unfiltered reality' of Yes campaign", "#YesBecause vs. #NoBecause as Scottish independence referendum looms", "The 'Nos' have it at Perth & Kinross Youth Council's independence question time", "Yes vote triumph in Scottish Labour leader's own backyard", "Nicola Sturgeon and Michael Moore clash in independence debate", "STV prepare for second referendum debate", "Alistair Carmichael faces Nicola Sturgeon in Scotland Tonight debate", "STV announces Nicola Sturgeon and Johann Lamont referendum debate", "Scottish independence: The Referendum Debate", "As-it-happened: Scottish independence referendum debate", "Scottish independence: David Cameron will not have TV debate with Alex Salmond", "Scottish independence: TV debate row continues", "Scottish independence: Cameron again rejects Salmond TV debate challenge", "Scottish independence: MP 'anger' over Brown debate call", "Alistair Darling: Alex Salmond scared of TV debate", "Sturgeon: Salmond will have indyref debate with Darling, Carmichael after Cameron snub", "Alistair Darling: Yes Scotland chief is Alex Salmond underling", "Nigel Farage challenges Salmond to TV debate", "Scottish independence: Salmond and Darling clash in TV debate", "Alex Salmond and Alistair Darling clash in live debate on STV", "Salmond v Darling: the debate for Scotland – as it happened", "Scottish independence: Both sides claim TV debate victory", "Debate: snap poll declares Darling winner", "Who won the Leaders' Debate? The petition "was eventually signed by two million people"[14] (the population of Scotland was recorded as 5,100,000 in the 1951 UK Census[15]). [38], In the House of Lords, Baroness Symons argued that the rest of the UK should be allowed to vote on Scottish independence because it would affect the whole country. The result of the referendum in Scotland was a narrow majority in favour of devolution (52% to 48%),[19] but a condition of the referendum was that 40% of the total electorate should vote in favour in order to make it valid. [343], Hands Across The Border was a campaign founded in support of Scotland remaining in the United Kingdom. [16] The consultation paper set out the proposed ballot papers, the mechanics of the proposed referendum, and how the proposed referendum was to be regulated. [45] The Electoral Commission tested the proposed question along with three other possible versions. [191], The Scottish Socialist Party favoured an independent Scottish currency, pegged to sterling in the short term. [9][note 1] The level of independence of the Scottish kingdom was fought over by the Scottish kings and by the Norman and Angevin rulers of England who petitioned the Pope and other foreign rulers.[9]. On 6 September a YouGov poll gave those in favour 47% versus 45% for those against; excluding those undecided, the figures were 51% and 49%, respectively. He stated that he did not want such circumstances to arise, "and the best way to avoid this was to vote no in the referendum. [394] Former BBC journalist Paul Mason commented: "Not since Iraq have I seen BBC News working at propaganda strength like this". [318], The Yes campaign argued that control of welfare policy would be a major benefit of independence. "[91][92] The Scottish Republican Socialist Movement is a Pan-Socialist independence movement that believes that Scotland should be made an independent republic. [428] The last ballot in the United Kingdom with a higher turnout than 84.6% was in January 1910, when no women and fewer men were allowed to vote (i.e., before universal suffrage applied to UK elections). Titled "✘ on September 18th #voteYes", the video features 32 people, including David Hayman, Martin Compston and Stuart Braithwaite. [212] Standard & Poor's, another credit-rating agency, asserted in February 2014 that Scotland would face "significant, but not unsurpassable" challenges, and that "even excluding North Sea output and calculating per capita GDP only by looking at onshore income, Scotland would qualify for our highest economic assessment". [184] Salmond said in February 2014 that an independent Scotland in a currency union would retain tax and spending powers. [126] The "democratic deficit" label has sometimes been used to refer to the period between the 1979 and 1997 UK general elections, during which the Labour Party held a majority of Scottish seats but the Conservative Party governed the whole of the UK. [453] Iñigo Urkullu, the President of the Basque Country, stated on the day of the referendum that as the British Government had allowed Scotland to freely decide its own future, the responsibility of the Basque government was to "follow Scotland's footsteps" in securing a similar agreement in Spain. [143] It found that Weir would pay more corporation tax, despite the Scottish government's proposal to cut the rate of corporation tax, due to it no longer being able to offset losses in Scotland against profits in the rest of the UK. [173] The then Welsh First Minister, Carwyn Jones, said in November 2013 that he would seek a veto on a currency union between Scotland and the rest of the UK. [161] The principal options were to establish an independent Scottish currency, join the euro, or retain the pound sterling[161] (a form of currency substitution). [200][201], In May 2014, the UK government published an analysis identifying a "Union dividend" of £1,400 per year for each person in Scotland, mainly due to the higher level of public spending. [397], On 29 June, several hundred independence supporters gathered in a demonstration outside BBC Pacific Quay, the main BBC studio in Glasgow, in protest at its alleged bias. [18] The Scottish government insisted in 2010 that they could legislate for a referendum, as it would be an "advisory referendum on extending the powers of the Scottish Parliament",[17] whose result would "have no legal effect on the Union". [61][62] First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon said that she was looking at all options to "secure our place in the EU", and that a second referendum was "highly likely". 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